国家构建理论与中国的现代国家构建

通过对现代国家、现代国家构建含义的界定以及当今中国国家构建理论的梳理,提出要进行国家构建,并通向现代化之路必须经历三个阶段,进而指出了中国国家构建的路径选择。认为在中国进行国家构建,要加强中国共产党的能动作用,实现党的执政理念、执政方式方法的现代化;并认为,增强和健全韦伯意义上的现代行政国家体制仍是中国现代国家构建的当务之急,中国现代国家构建的终极目标应是建立宪政国家,实现国家的理性化和民主化等等。     

滨海新区形成高层次服务产业结构的路径选择

滨海新区欲做到高起点、高层次、高水平发展关键在于充分认识现代服务业在城市经济发展中揪的主导作用,着力构筑高层次产业结构,突显现代服务业的主导地位,选择能够充分发挥后发优势的加快发展现代服务业的路径.     

When punishment fails: Research on sanctions, intentions and non-cooperation

People can become less cooperative when threatened with sanctions, and previous research suggests both “intentions” and incentives underlie this effect. We report data from an experiment aimed at determining the relative importance of intentions and incentives in producing non-cooperative behavior. Participants play a one-shot investment experiment in pairs. Investors send an amount to trustees, request a return on this investment and, in some treatments, can threaten sanctions to enforce their requests. Decisions by trustees facing threats imposed (or not) by investors are compared to decisions by trustees facing threats imposed (or not) by nature. When not threatened, trustees typically decide to return a positive amount less than the investor requested. When threatened this decision becomes least common. If the request is large relative to the sanction then most trustees return nothing. If the request is small, trustees typically return the requested amount. These results do not vary with investors' intentions.     

Managers' emotional displays and employees' willingness to act entrepreneurially

In this study we draw on the literature of emotions and entrepreneurial motivation to analyze how and why emotional displays of managers influence the willingness of employees to act entrepreneurially. Using an experimental design and 2912 assessments nested within 91 employees from 31 small entrepreneurially oriented firms, we find that managers' displays of confidence and satisfaction about entrepreneurial projects enhance employees' willingness to act entrepreneurially, whereas displays of frustration, worry, and bewilderment diminish employees' willingness. Moreover, we find that displays of satisfaction, frustration, worry, and bewilderment moderate the effect of managers' displayed confidence on employees' willingness to act entrepreneurially. Our findings have implications for the emotions and entrepreneurial motivation literature.     

Incentive effects and overcrowding in tournaments: An experimental analysis

This study reports experiments that examine outcomes when agents choose between a payment scheme that rewards based on absolute performance (i.e., piece rate) and a scheme that rewards based on relative performance (i.e., a tournament). Holding total payments in the tournament constant, performance is higher when the tournament option is winner-take-all compared to a graduated tournament (i.e., second and third-place performers also receive a payment). Performance is higher in the winner-take all tournaments even among participants that choose the piece-rate option. While there is a modest amount of overcrowding, there are no significant differences in overcrowding across conditions. Entry rates into the tournament and the relative ability of tournament entrants (compared to non-entrants in the same condition) are higher in the graduated tournament condition than the winner-take-all conditions. Consequently, the winner-take-all tournament is more efficient than the graduated tournament (incentive effects are stronger and the overcrowding is about the same), but the graduated tournament provides a more effective mechanism to identify the most capable performer in a talent pool. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at . JEL Classification D8 · J3 · L2     

从近代历史看"和谐社会"在当代建成的必然性

"大道之行也,天下为公。选贤与能,讲信修睦……是谓大同。"几千年前我们国家就有了建设和谐大同社会的美好理想,然而,虽然我们曾经盛极一时,但由于受时势的局限,离美好的理想总是相差太远。近代,国力衰微,备受欺凌,更使这种理想遥不可及。今天,我们党在社会发展的基础上又提出了建设和谐社会的目标。本文从近代历史的角度通过对建设"和谐社会"的探索与实践的分析,从而论证了一条真理——只有中国共产党才能救中国,只有坚持走有中国特色的社会主义道路,才能完成建设"和谐社会"的崇高任务。     

关于保护和发展少数民族文化的思考

少数民族文化是少数民族在长期的生产生活中创造并积累起来世代相传的物质文化、制度文化和精神文化的总和,是一个民族最本质的特征。一个民族如果失去了文化,就等于丧失了自我。在现代化进程中,民族文化的多样性及其特色逐渐衰弱,文化趋同现象日益加深,保护、继承和发展少数民族文化是建设社会主义和谐社会的一项重要任务。     

构建经管类多学科综合仿真实验教学体系的探索——以江西财经大学为例

针对创业型人才的培养目标，提出了经管类多学科综合仿真实验教学体系的构建、并介绍了实验教学体系的内容和特色；     

How 'modern' is the modern apprenticeship?

Despite the fact that some sectors of industry are facing major skills shortages, the Scottish labour market continues to be characterised by occupational segregation and a large disparity between the wages of women and men. The concentration of individuals in occupations and training based on their gender effectively restricts the pool of potential recruits to industry and is unlikely to make the best use of human capital. Moreover, it obstructs the pursuit of gender equality by reinforcing the gender pay gap and restricting individual career choices. This paper reports on the government's flagship training policy, the Modern Apprenticeship programme, from a gender perspective. It concludes that, ten years on from its introduction, the scheme represents something of a 'missed opportunity' to tackle occupational segregation and its deleterious effects in the wider economy and in society at large. It is recommended that the government and organisations involved in the development and delivery of Modern Apprenticeships adopt a more conscious and cohesive approach to promoting non-traditional choices at the vocational level.     

Economists' perceptions versus managers' decisions: an experiment in transaction-cost analysis

Are the perceptions of professional economists on transactioncosts consistent with make-or-buy decisions made within firms?The answer may have important implications for transaction costresearch. Data on firms' outsourcing during the new productdevelopment process are taken from a large-scale survey of UK,German and Irish manufacturing plants, and we test the consistencyof these outsourcing decisions with the predictions derivedfrom the transaction cost perceptions of a panel of economists.Little consistency is evident between actual outsourcing patternsand the predictions of the (Williamsonian) transactions costmodel derived from the panel of economists. There is, however,evidence of a systematic pattern to the differences, suggestingthat a competence or resource-based approach may be relevantto understanding firm outsourcing, and that firms are adoptinga strategic approach to managing their external relationships.